Apparatus for shaping sheets



Nov. 15, 1949 1. H. ENGEL APPARATUS FOR SHAPING SHEETS 3 Sheets-Sheet l Filedlsept. 22, 1944 w m H H MN w n .M l y 1M MH mmf .MM M J 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 SWW. NGN.

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. o E e o e .,0 o cm2 .me o @o Emo o ANN omi [Nvt-N702 JOHN H. ENGEL Nov. 15, 1949 1. H. ENGEL v APPARATUS FOR SHAPING SHEETS Filed Sept. 22, 1944 J. H. ENGEL APPRATUS FOR SHAPING SHEETS Nov. 15, 1949 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Sept. 22, 1944 NNN 5N wh SQ iw LH fw ew ef www@ JK m Patented Nov. 15, 1949 omi* En oFrl aesinet? Y APPARATUS" iron sriirnfe: sitters Y John H. Engel, Escoiiailrol. Calif. Applications'eptember 2z, l'ill'fglsrii" oogt rs1-online; (altres-4498i i This invention relates to appatiis for slieping heav57 metallic slieets. l The principalv object' of" the' invention' is to" provide an elil'cient` niejans for she'lping`v or bending large lieavy metal plates,' suoli as those commonly employed in the construction 'of welded steel snip's'and' largeaircraft, and' to provide' sucl ai rne'ans' whereby the' lfiea'vy sheets, plates'or'shape's inav be' handled and' snep'ed with comparative 'ease considering their great size and Weight.

The handllg of heavy VIiieiitf plat'S` of the cl'iaracteriiidicatedlias heretofore usually oier'ed considerable diicultv andthe ineens' ernp'loved for conductingthe' bending"v operations have" not been conducive to convenient nandling, nor have such nieans'been' conducive to sufficiently rp'i'd aild aceurate shapri"g,vespe'cially of longplat'efs' Therefore, *it is' a-furtli'er object' of my lnven tion to'` provide equipment by' wliicntlarge heavy slieetslll'ay be convenently'rnoved relative to appropriate shaping dies; suoli equipment' includi lng a Vstructl'lre carrying the shaping c li'es which structure in itself is' ndjust'eble' to p acconifrn'odte its position to. changing curvature in the sleet als tlenslieetis'sllijaped. Y A u A A filrtl'er obJ ect rS'to pfovidevrlan's for' rook? ing" a dielsupportingoarriage" aldout a' shaping" die means as a center whereby to accornniodatej a. bent orcurved portion of a' plete nioving'jintof o, passage provided in" tneoarriage for triev shaped portion' aft'ejr it' has perssed'v the die means.' A further. object is` to' provide anv elongated reciprocble die means ac'tilated` et" nigh' velocity, whereby a; long plate" niayj loe rapidly" curved throughout its"I entire lengtn on any given' line. Another object i'sj to provide nieans for con rting'recipocatingrnotion of'relativ'elv long st e, i; e. oscillating'xnotion of relatively great afnpliti'ide, into vibratory motion of` relativelyvery sir'iall amplitude. A further' obj ect` i's'" to provide for' variation in the' rate of r'e'ciproce'tion vvnerejjby to vary? trie vibratory friction and' the' povver o'f the les'l'lltalril'lol'o'v'f Al variable" speed' Iriotr l'ifiaybe eplyed fo'r tl'lspuip'ose'; or aii""ors'teai'n driven devices. e Y

l)It is also an' olject' oi" the invention" to" provide njieans for dampeningtne great volume ofy objectenable sound' and vibrations incident to opera'- tio o'f astrikngd'e. I rione form, this'isfa'ceonfpli'sll'ei'l by' d'evicfes" pressing. against the plate 6eshaped.` which r' ailSo ac'ty at thesam'etinie aS lguider. 4 e l l t M The invention` includes other'objects" and features whicn will bel apparent from' the following closure to'v those skilledf in the" arti .feetures are methods herein diseleseo of,V snapinga1slieet bvtlie de'v riled'V vilratory striking" motion o ff`Y sinn-1l ampli jle; so shaping e, long-- sheet 'throughout vits; lengtnj and continuousIy-movingfthesleetpast the' sila-ping' means; d In' theJ ancomp ailing ,avvii'lgsj4 on`4` 'embodiment of my invention' is shown merely lovwav of illus-e tration',` Irrtliesidravvng's'; l rig. l pr'i'ricipnllvanendl elevationof an ape paraus'constru'ctd according tb tlie presentimv'entio'ri, portions teilig snow-n vertical sec' tion;

Fig. 2" -i' mately frori'tlf'il'inee-Zfofli'g 1i; Y -Y Y. .s Fi2 Scifs" "a front?4 el'ev'ati'orl' as" indicated by the Sfof- Fig-'$15, palisbig bbkrleaway; 4'* is 'a crosrsi-seotior'iali detailthrough: tlle *diesfmployedil dingltoltli apparatus llu'sli'fatedi in the ings, anfoveilliea frame ork- ITIJfi's-e'rnpl-oye'd for 'tl-ieLpurposel of supporting. ani elongated heavy meter sflleet or'.- plate t2? verticaalh posit-:ioni in 'order tnatitflnay bereisen-end lowered between twof opposing' perte' ofi a diei vin'ecnflnisml D; by which it is tox nezsnaped.. The platerlzaislsus: per'ldediiopeiativepositionl ffrornltlie'`r framework mi tliiiouglran; I-beam 1:31 secured tliereto= and ySupporting'I.vvlle'eledcarriages |`4 of conventional oonstnu'ctionl., From: eaclr'l= carriage M there: is s'upndetll a. reversible` eledtrio motor.4 l5- support: ing; an elevatin''gt'4 device' includingfor eX'ampleya blockland cable: l1. vEach elevating device-'care ries suitable meanse Ik for engaging the" upper end ofitlief plate; I2-,.i thei, means- |-8 being? illustrated asi an. elongated split. sleevel .which receivesthe upper edge; oi the' platef |123.. the-latter loeingproe Videdf with any/appropriate cooperating supportingmeans'lSl .Y l i. v,

The?, die" mechanism A13) andV operating` Mrneans therefor., are carriedl uponaailarge Asupporting structure on. carriage'lD-llarge enough to be adapted.L to` tl'iejmaxirnunt size of platesto be handled,sucl l carriage 20,; beingrelatively ulgiigll cnieflvf es pleinrv viewf tenen approxi# and relatively` longe, and the dievmechanismD'being correspondingly longe-,7, l, y A

. '11ne-k carriagetructure 2% Shown f prv'idd lvl-lehnt Gurydebottm 2.1; Whih- )con t te's' asunporting Wall. fortifiecarriage and iS 'rll th'for'rr'i voa seg'r'nentoigany elongated Whose' cen'-v tr or crvture isilocat'ed at tn'e'oper-'titivetejen.r` ter' of the die mechanism D; Tile' supnrtine plurality of transverse heavy beams 24 secured n the bottom of a concrete cellar 25 which extends the length of the carriage 20 and in which the lower portion of the carriage 20 is positioned. Brackets 26 having ears 28 in which the rollers 22 are trunnioned at 29 are secured to the beams 24 and thereby position the rollers 22 and the curved bottom 2| of the carriage 20.

The curved bottom 2| of the carriage 20 supports a front wall 30, a plurality of vertical transverse end and intermediate walls 3|, floors 32 extending between the transverse Walls 3|, and a rear Wall 33, the floors 32 extending also from the front wall 30 to the rear wall 33. The various walls, the bottom 2| and the floors 32 are secured together by welding, riveting or bolting to form a unitary whole. Intermediate their edges, the transverse walls 3| are provided with large openings 34 which, as shown, extend from a point in each wall 3| adjacent the corresponding floor 32 upward to the top of said transverse Walls 3|, at which points the opening 34 is reduced to leave a narrow space between the two resultant vertically disposed sections of each wall 3|. Along the tops of the sections of the Walls 3| at the right of the structure, as seen in Fig. 1, there is welded a bed plate 35, and along the tops of the vertical sections of the walls 3|, as seenv at the left of Fig. 1, is Welded a similar bed plate 35a, the bed plates 35 and 35a being respectively welded also to the rear Wall 33 and the front wall 30. The bed plates 35 and 35a serve to support the parts of the die mechanism D.

Extending rearwardly from the rear wall 33 and in line with the bed plate 35 is a platform 36 whose forward edge is welded to the top of the rear wall 33. This platform 36 is relatively narrow and extends rearward from the middle of the carriage 20, as best seen in Fig. 2. Bracket plates 31 whose inner ends are welded to the rear Wall 33 of the carriage 20 act as supports for the platform 36, and a rear plate 38 is secured to the rear ends of the plates 31 and to the rear end of the platform 36 to impart rigidity.

For the purpose of rocking the carriage 20 upon the rollers 22, a jack screw 40, pivotally connected at 42 to one of the bracket plates 31, is provided, a lower portion of the jack screw 40 passing through a jack nut 43 threaded thereon. The jack nut 43 is rotatably secured on a swinging support 44 pivotally connected at 45 to one of the I-beams 24. A beveled gear 46, rigidly connected with the jack nut 43, engages a beveled gear 48 adapted to be driven by a reversible motor 49. The motor 49 may be operated to rotate the jack nut 43 to draw the lower end of the jack screw 40 downward into a pit 50 below the adjacent portion of the corresponding I- beam 24, whereby to lower the rear end of the carriage 20 including the platform 36 and its brackets 31, as indicated by the lower set of broken lines as seen at the right of Fig. 1. The motor 49 also may be operated to extend the jack screw 40 above the jack nut 43 and raise the rear portion of the carriage 20 into the upper broken line position as seen at the right of Fig. 1. In this manner, the curved bottom wall 2| is made to roll upon the rollers 22 and cause the carriage 20 to rock about the operative center of the die mechanism D.

The die mechanism D, which is carried upon the bed plates 35 and 35a, comprises a bifurcated striking or hammering die 54 and a counter die 55, as best shown in Fig. 4, these dies being elongated to conform with elongation of the carriage 20 and the elongated plate I2 to be shaped. The counter die 55 is carried against a resilient cushion 56, in an elongated slot in an otherwise cylindrical die member 58 which is mounted in the adjacent edge of a die holder 59 provided with a seat 60 which is formed on the arc of a circle. The seat 60 permits the counter die 55 to be adjusted with relation to the striking die 54 by rotation of the die member 58. Adjustment of the counter die 55 is maintained by means of a clamping plate 62 secured to the die holder 59 as by means of screws 63. The die holder 59 is retained upon a base plate 64 in any suitable manner, as by being welded to a Wide I-beam 65 secured to an elongated bar 66 as by means of screws or bolts 68, the bar 66 being welded to the base plate 64 which is in turn welded to the bed 35a, if preferred; or all of these parts may be secured to the bed 35a by the bolts 68.

The striking die 54 is similarly mounted upon a striking-die holder and hammer 10 having in its forward edge a seat 12 to receive the striking die 54, preferably in a non-rotatable manner by reason of non-circular configuration, the die 54 being bound to the die holder 10 by means of a flat bar 13 secured to the holder 10 by means of a plurality of screws 14. The striking die 54, the retaining bar 13, and the forward edge of the die holder 10 are elongated to conform with the elongation of the carriage 20 and with elongated plates 2 to be shaped.

The die holder 10 is adapted to be reciprocated in a direction from front to rear, and for this purpose travels upon a plurality of short tracks 15, the die holder 10 being guided on the tracks by depending portions 10al which lie between the tracks 15 and engage the edges thereof. As shown, the tracks 15 are in the form of I-beams.

The rear edge of the elongated die holder or hammer 10 is tapered from each end toward the middle, as best seen in Fig. 2, to form a narrow projecting neck 16 by means of which the holder or hammer 10 is reciprocated. The neck 16 rests upon a web 11 of a channeled guide 18 having upstanding guide flanges 19 between which the neck 16 reciprocates. The neck 16 is provided with ears which overhang the flanges 19 and to each of which there is pivoted at 8| a link 82 which is in turn pivotally connected at 84 to the adjacent end of the main leaf 85 of a semielliptical bow spring including auxiliary leaves 86.

The middle portion of the resultant bow spring structure is bound to a yoke 88 through the medium of a die plate 89 secured to the spring structure by U-bolts 90. The neck of the yoke 88 is positioned in a guide plate 9| and has pivotally connected therewith at 92 an operating link 93 pivotally connected at 94 with an eccentric 95 keyed to a shaft 96 which passes through the platform 36 for driving connection with a pulley 98 through the medium of a suitable clutch mechanism |00. The clutch |00 is adapted to be actuated by a bell crank |02 carried upon a supporting bracket |03 and operated by means of any appropriate type of flexible cable |04. The pulley 98 is driven by a plurality of belts |05 from a variable speed motor |06 actuating a drive pulley |01. The motor |06 is carried by a shelf |08 secured to the rear plate 38 and supported by bracket plates |09.

In order to provide a supplemental device for controlling the position of the carriage 20, a cable ||0 may be detachably connected with the emesse edge offtileslel lwesnro'ghvtle medio@ ce lwffeneenietlorierit e suitably supported eye 'ce4 wennA "feonf tieeietenr'lfnufe d1 tierebyfr comme the opere-tiem neeteda heele I-I-z eerriee'byga-pmley Iile:tnroueli2J tiene eeeentrio 95:' 1592' une eienfreinotoe lesion wmeil the come limi-extemiszy 'elle eene: klil-Il;` isf weer: mi ireivesiifor exemfpiemretne eeserefrewr tnefr'ear portionof' the carriegefzuflbylmeesfosr Biene utoftneeentrolsffmienctuumswitem a; reversible motorA IW suitably suspended from. vma ie* cevinnyz'mimewdiegene me; open the overhead framework' |10. atrs'epdsitnifoli' dntli oftlfle reversiblev miotmis` arms |20 secured at I22-to-appropriateisuppoxfts Y |24 carried by the'b'ed plate 335; Therollers H5 Inpreparingto' Shaper er1 steek platev or othery act also" as guides.V metal; plateI |i2'=,= the) apparatus is lplaced in-the The" rollersV |15A` alieV adaptedtobe movedi into 25?, generali positie vshowlfriinli 11,1 the plate- |23 contact. against the plate I2 being shaped?, and being; rnount'd'-.-in'-'thel split sleeve I8 witht theaidi tovb'e withdrawntherefrom' when the plateis're of: suitable retaining4 means 'Iii-secured:V tol they moved'. This operation is accomplished througlil vunifier edgeio the plate: The-plate -I2` is1 theni themedium of a connecting strip |25v` to' which; lowered; into-position between the/shapingv dies each" of the roller-carrying` a'rrns H6 is pivote'd' 301 51| and-55rd the' diennechanismfl);-bymeansfo at I26. Each arm ||6\ adjacenttheA rearwardiyY theh'oistIfothecable|f1'.andthereversiblemotors projeeting'a'ms |20`is providedwitlri'an extension# |i5i willich-are controlled bythe operator on `the IIBa which is under the inuence of a contrae` platform laathrough themediumlof-the depend-Y tion" spring' |23 secured' to' a fixed' supportl |29, ingfswitchrlda- Eurillg'.t-lieloweringoplatey l2 whereby the corresponding rollers'` ll'l'arepijess'd" 35'- intof operating? positom thefdampeners |51` will against theplate' l2" an'dthe strip"- |25' acts" have been withdrawnebyv the operatorbyf-retracthrough the pivotal connections' I'ZE'tocause the tion citric-lever |38^ffwhich isrreleasedfuponposiremaining rollers ||5 to pressJ againsttheplate tioinofthe lower-edgeot-thenplate |2-between |21 When it isA desired to withdraw'th'e roller'sj thei'dies, thereby4 permittingothe: springs |28-- to I'|5` from' contact with the plateA I?, the arms* H6' 4'0 actuatefthe'corresponding#rolleresupportingarms are actuated by means of a rock' arm |30 whieh I'M"andtheconnectingsstripf|25-t0 movealliarifns is secured tothe roller-carrying arm IIB pivoted I'I'eand their rollersi lflisintoldampening position adjacent 011e 0f the lIIS'l V20' SUDPOI'D the against-'theifa'cefoffr theplate-Ifz tobersllaped..` bar ITS. Shaping-iis commenced-bythe operatorsactu- The rocker rarm |3|l`i`s`adptedto` beactuatd 45 ating. the lever Mto'ca -thebell` crank |02 through the medium of anyA desirable flexible" under' izmuence-of the cable Ina to actuatethe cable means I'32`. Additional' damneer's' I'Zlliari clutclelfsothat thefecce'ntri'c-@95 /isfdri-venfrom desirably disposed within the carriage 2|l at` 'a'. the'rnotorl |06 throughthefmediumf-of thefpul-ley: short distancevbelowthe bed plate3.5 1Lt`l1`esedanfip'-v Slat.r` The-eccentrici95 through the mediumofv` the eners bei-ngalso intl'e form ofs'uitabl'rolls T25, 50 link 93 and-.thewreciprocating yoke 88, acts toreor the like, 'which are carried upon brackets Il' 9 cipr-ooat'ethev` bow-z' springA` 85, the stroke.n ofi the xedly or adjustably secured to the undeis'ide latte!" being'fthe-throwof the-smal1- crank arm of the bed plate 35, as may be. nreer'e'd., Thls'. which cnSt'i'tutesthe eccentric95; when a plate I2 is in position between-tl'i''sh' The setfof` the bow spring;VV 65fis-y suchfthatits ing dies 54 and' 5'5" a po'r't'ion o'fI tlegaivolumfe 55 endsitend" tofmove-outwafdlyvvv away fromthe/neck of noise. otherwise podced byf tleF` hammering' 151 of# thef die? holding?. hammer l'Hl'. After 'the operation ofthe die 5l and thlaiii'ner sveii springt85` ismovedftowardtheplatel'l 2 Whichicon to the' dampening" devices'- "5 on"th`e elongated mer 10 o'sets a large portion o the" tendencyo bow'- spring' 85 on itsrelatively long stroke 11mparted by the eccentric 95 is a very short stroke of the neck 'I6 and the hammer 1I).A Thus, where successive strokes of the bow spring 85 under the influence of the reciprocating mechanism may be considered an oscillatory movement of relatively great amplitude', successive strokes of the hammer 'I0 result in movements of very short Vamplitude so that the action-of the hammer 'I0 upon the plate I2 being shaped is in the nature of a vibratory motion. By reducing the speed of the motor |06 through the control |46, the relative lag of the hammer or striking-die Vholder 'ID may be reduced and the force of the blow may be changed.

Thus, the ilexure of theA bow spring 85 and the incidental swinging motion of the toggle links 82 to pull the hammer Ill rst in one direction and then in the opposite direction results in a multitude of striking impulses in the form of strokes of extremely short amplitude but carryingl substantially the full force of the power imparted both by the reciprocating mechanism and by the resilience of the spring 85. The effect is la hammering operation tending to curve the plate AI2 into a shape as diagrammatically indicated by the broken lines in Fig. 4, there being, however, but an extremely small amount of actual movement of the hammer l and its striking die 54. The indicated curvature results by reason of the fact that the striking die 54 is bifurcated, as shown in Fig. 4, and cooperates with the relatively thinner counter die 55. Because the dies 54 and 55, the hammer 'ID and die holder 59 for the die 55 are of a length'corresponding with an elongated plate I2, the plate I2 may be curved throughout its entire length during a single operation.

Inasmuch as the plate I2 being shaped is relatively wide, the curvature which is gradually lmparted requires the relatively wide passage through the carriage 20 represented by the openings 34 in the transverse vertical walls 3I. This general position is indicated by broken lines in Fig. 1. As the amount of curvature becomes greater, such as indicated by the broken line curve in Fig. 4, a greater eiective amount 'of space is required to accommodate the curved lower portion of the plate I2. To ailord this accommodation, the operator causes the carriage 20 to be rocked by movement of the curved bottom 2I over the'rollers 22 through operation of the reversible motor 49 to rotate the jack nut 43 in a corresponding direction for shortening the effective length ofthe jack screw 40. In this manner the opening 34 will be disposed at an angle to the position shown in Fig. 1, whereby to accommodate the lower edge of the curved plate. For -the' purpose of this adjustment, the operating cable IIU suspended from the motor II4 may either have been disconnected by disengagement 'of the hook II2 from the' eye III, or the operator may also have caused the motor I I4 to extend the cable I I0 by operating the control |44.

" During theshaping operation above described, a part of the severe resounding noise imparted by engagementvof the stroking die 54 with the plate I2 under influence of the vibration of the hammer I0 isvovercome bymeans of the dampeners I I5 and |28. vHaving completed the bending required for the individual plate lI2,V the clutch |00 is actuated to disconnect the eccentric 95 from the motor I06- and stop the reciprocating mechanism. The operator Athen manipulates the control I42 to elevate the plate I2 .from its position within the carriagel, the .fdampeningfdcvices II5 having best accommodates the curvature of the finished plate.

It will be understood that means such as disclosed may be arranged other than for operation upon sheets which are lowered vertically into position. For example, the sheets may be fed horizontally or at an acute angle to the vertical. Since-many other modifications within the scope of the appended claims will be apparent to those skilled in the art,rthe disclosures hereof are to be considered merely as illustrative and not as limitative of the generic invention presented.

I claim as my invention:

1. In combination in plate-shaping apparatus:`

an elongated carriage; an elongated counter-die mounted on said carriage; an elongated striking die mounted on said carriage in opposition to said counter-die, there being an upwardly directed passage between said dies and through said carriage adapted to receive an elongated plate to be shaped; and means to lower an elongated plate and move said plate between said dies into said passage and both transversely and longitudinally thereof.

2. A combination according to claim 1 including means adapted to engage a plate positioned between said dies to dampen sound vibrations produced by said striking die.

3. A combination according to claim 1 including movable means disposed adjacent said dies adapted to engage a plate disposed between said dies to dampen sound vibrations produced by said dies.

4. A combination according to claim 1 wherein said elongated striking die has a relatively narrow neck connected intermediate its ends, the combination including: means connected to said neck to actuate said striking die; means on said carriage to guide said neck; and means on said carriage to guide said striking die.

5. In combination in a shaping die mechanism: an elongated holder having in a forward edge a die-receiving pocket; a die member non-rotatably disposed in said pocket; means to bind said die member in said pocket; a second elongated die holder opposing the rst mentioned die holder and having a, pocket in an edge thereof formed on the arc of a circle; an elongated counter-die member rotatably mounted in the last named pocket; an elongated counter-die element carried in a recess in said counter-die member; and means for binding said counter-die member in its pocket.

6. Plate-shaping apparatus comprising in combination: an elongated carriage having a curved bottom and a plurality of transverse vertical walls, each wall being provided with a wide opening leading to a relatively narrow entrance at the upper edge of said wall, each entrance being .adapted to receive a plate being shaped and each opening being adapted to accommodate a curved portionv of said plate; rollers upon which said bottom restsand is adapted to roll; elongated die means disposed adjacent the entrances to the-openings in-said walls; means to present a plate to said die means for shaping; and means to move said carriage on said rollers to adjust said openings to accommodate change in shape of a plate passing into said openings from said die means.

7. In combination in plate-shaping apparatus: an elongated carriage rockable about an axis, said carriage having a iioor normally disposed in a substantially horizontal plane, said door having an elongated passage therein parallel to said axis; means rockably supporting said carriage; elongated die means on said carriage to shape an elongated plate; means to lower the elongated plate to said die means and through said passage; and means to actuate said die means.

8. A combination as in claim 7 wherein said axis and said die means are located at said passage in said floor.

9. A combination as in claim 7 wherein said die means comprises opposing die members positioned at opposite sides of said passage, one of said die members being reciprocable in a substantially horizontal plane.

10. A combination as in claim 7 wherein said die means comprises opposing die members positioned at opposite sides of said passage, one of said die members being reciprocable in a substantially horizontal plane, said axis being disposed between said die members.

11. A combination as in claim 7 wherein said die means comprises opposing die members positioned at opposite sides of said passage, one of said die members being reciprocable in a substantially horizontal plane, said carriage providing an inner chamber to accommodate curved portions of the plate.

12. In combination in plate-shaping apparatus: a pair of opposed die means; a rockable carrier supporting said die means in a normally horizontal position; means to reciprocate one of said die means in such position; carrier means to suspend an elongated work piece between said die means, said rockable carrier being recessed to accommodate a lower portion of said Work piece while suspended and as its shape is changed; and means 10 mounting said carrier for rocking of the latter as said shape changes.

13. In combination in a plate-shaping apparatus: base means; an elongated rockable carriage supported on said base means and adapted to be rocked thereupon about an axis, said carriage having an elongated passage therein parallel to said axis to receive both longitudinally and transversely an elongated plate to be shaped; elongated die means mounted on said carriage parallel to and disposed at said axis and adapted to shape said plate; support means on said base means and providing a mounting for said carriage for rocking of said carriage about said axis, said axis being located in said elongated passage at the locus of contact of said elongated die means with said plate; and means to actuate said die means for shaping said plate.

JOHN H. ENGEL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are oi record in the 111e of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 290,231 Hill Dec. 18, 1883 420,602 Leavitt Feb. 4, 1890 509,265 Tweddell et al. Nov. 21, 1893 632,029 Smith Aug. 29, 1899 748,947 Helmold Jan. 5, 1904 1,134,351 Schlensker Apr. 6, 1915 1,465,408 Bates et al. Aug. 21, 1923 1,858,169 Pesola May 10, 1932 1,957,495 Fleming May 8, 1934 1,973,056 Fleming et al. Sept. 11, 1934 1,973,331 Callahan Sept. 11, 1934 1,985,385 Sjolander Dec. 25, 1934 2,368,478 Landwier Jan. 30, 1945 2,370,215 Wilson Feb. 27, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 216,009 Switzerland Dec. 1, 1941 

